In this paper, a novel risk-based, two-objective (technical and economical) optimal reactive Power dispatch method in a wind-integrated Power system is proposed which is more consistent with operational criteria.  The technical objective includes the minimization of the new voltage instability risk index. The economical objective includes cost minimization of reactive Power generation and active Power loss. The proposed voltage instability risk employs a hybrid possibilistic (Delphi-Fuzzy)-probabilistic approach that takes into consideration the operator’s experience, the wind speed and demand forecast uncertainties when quantifying the risk index. The decision variables are the reactive Power resources of the system. To solve the problem, the modified multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm with sine and cosine acceleration coefficients is utilized. The method is implemented on the modified IEEE 30-bus system. The proposed method is compared with those in the previously published literature, and the results confirm that the proposed risk index is better at estimating the voltage instability risk of the system, especially in cases with severe impact and low probability. In addition, according to the simulation results compared to typical security-based planning, the proposed risk-based planning may increase the security and economy of the system due to better utilization of system resources.

Introduction: Medical students are exposed to variety of stresses which may have effects on their education and health. In this situation "student support systems" are necessary. In Medical School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences for achieving to the goal of supporting and guiding medical students, Tutor Scheme has been organized. In this study efficacy of the Tutor scheme and satisfaction of students and Tutors is being evaluated.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Medical School of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Target population was all the students that were supported by the scheme (466) and all the Tutors (42). Information was taken by 2 types of questionnaire that were prepared by the researcher.Results: 93.3% of Tutors and 72.6% of students thought that it is necessary to have a Tutor but there was significant difference between their point of view (p<0.0001).51.06% of Tutors and 25.5% of students were satisfied or very satisfied by the scheme and there was significant difference between their point of view (p<0.0001). Satisfaction in Tutors and students was linked with same issues such as initiation of meetings by the faculty, holding meetings during the year by Tutor, including social and personal discussions besides academics, participating in monthly meetings, importance of the regularity of meetings, holding meetings in special times such as pre exams periods, having the choice to select or change Tutor, performing workshops and group sessions for Tutors and paying attention to encouraging Tutors.28.9% of the students hadn’t had any meeting with their Tutors and 7.8% that were all guest or displaced students didn’t have Tutor.Conclusion: Tutors and students both think that having Tutor is necessary but the low percentage of satisfaction shows that the scheme needs revision and some changes and also needs providing some facilities.

With the advancements in mobile technology and its utilization in every facet of life, mobile popularity has enhanced exponentially. The biggest constraint in the utility of mobile devices is that they are Powered with batteries. Optimizing mobile’ s size and weight is always the choice of designer, which led limited size and capacity of battery used in mobile phone. In this paper analysis of the energy consumption of some popular mobile apps is done using data mining technique. A large variety of mobile apps with differently functionality are executed on a smart phone. The Power consumption of these apps is measured using Power Tutor. For holistic analysis these mobile apps are executed in different environment, which are created by varying the setting and internet facilities. Fuzzy Clustering approach is used to club the mobile apps based on similarity of the behaviour with respect to Power consumption. Power consumption behaviour for each cluster and apps lying in overlapping zone is discussed in detail. The study gives the insight that Power need of an app is dependent on the environment and code which can be used by app developers for creating an optimized energy app.

In this paper, a new method for extending and relaxing the noise-coupling (NC) technique is proposed to enhance the noise-shaping order without adding the number of integrators. The noise-shaping order of the introduced ∑∆ modulator whit applying a second-order noise-coupling technique is enhanced and its performance with optimizing the noise transfer function (NTF) zeros is improved. Also, by removing the analog adder at feedforward path and transferring it to a new feedback branch before the last integrator and adding second-order NC path can be decreased the input voltage swing to the quantizer. Thus, by improving the modulator resolution, Power consumption can be reduced. Mathematical analyses and behavioural simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the new NC method. To examine its performance, a 2nd-order single loop ΣΔ modulator was designed. The new noise-coupling method is used to achieve the three-order noise shaping to increase the resolution with low complexity and low-Power. The results show an outstanding improvement in signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) compared to the conventional structure.

The right imitation is a prerequisite for creativity. A student’ s imitation of his or her Tutor in architectural design Tutorials can ignite their creativity. On the other hand, a Tutor’ s imitation of his or her student helps them to read the student’ s mind, and offer a better teaching. In this paper, ‘ reciprocal imitation’ in architectural design studio is introduced, which comprises ‘ implicit imitation’ by the student of the Tutor and ‘ responding imitation’ by the Tutor. In this regard, the views of two well-known researchers in design studies, namely, Donald Schö n and Kees Dorst, are compared in order to attain two concepts of ‘ descriptive imitation’ and ‘ explanatory imitation’ , clarifying them in the ‘ designerly’ interaction between the student and the Tutor; the interaction that propers architectural design education. Through ‘ conceptualisation’ of the existing literature via rational reasoning, the various aspects of reciprocal imitation are deduced to identify how the ‘ mainstream design’ arises from ‘ mainstream education’ , and ‘ creative design’ from ‘ creative education’ . The overarching aim of the research is to identify and clarify those aspects of reciprocal imitation between the Tutor and the student that can make Tutorials more creative. The result is a diagram that shows the position and the relationship between different concepts of reciprocal imitation in Tutorials.

Background: Clinical training as the core of professional education is very important in nursing and midwifery education with many expenses provided for its requirements.Tutors are considered as bases in clinical training with many deep and great effects in educational outcomes but their characteristics are not clearly identified.Purpose: This descriptive study was conducted to identify the characteristics of an effective clinical Tutor according to the opinions of nursing and midwifery students at universities of Tehran in 2004.Methods: The opinions of 882 students were asked by a questionnaire in two parts: the first part was related to demographic information and the second part consisted of statements regarding the characteristics of an effective clinical Tutor in five domains (professional competence, personality characteristics, interpersonal relationships, educational skills, and students' evaluation). Each statement was ranked by a 5-point Likert scale. Validity of the questionnaire was achieved by content validity and its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient 0.78. The subjects included all junior and senior nursing and midwifery students of Shaheed Beheshti, Tehran, and Iran Universities.Results: Findings showed that almost all students agreed with the statements as the characteristics of effective clinical Tutor with some differences in the domains.Students emphasized mostly on personality domain and student's evaluation received the lowest emphasis. There was a significant relation between such variables as age, year of education, interest in university in terms of educational facilities and the rate of agreement regarding effective clinical D utor.Conclusion: It can be concluded that students focus on all aspects of characteristics in their Tutors not only on their professional competencies.